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Introduction to Diagonal matrix:

Before that let us Know what is Matrix:

It is a group of numbers arranged by using rows and columns. It is easy to includes the elements of a matrix by using brackets,parentheses or braces. That is, in matrix the first subscript is to the row and the second subscript refers to the column. It is important to remember the convention when matrix algebra is performed.

Types of Matrix

Square matrix:
Square matrix A having n row and n column.In a square matrix the elements ai, i with i = 1,2,3,... , are called diagonal elements.There is no difference between 1 x 1 matrix (unit matrix) and an ordinary number.
Row matrix
Matrix having 1 row is said to be a row matrix.
Column matrix
Matrix having 1 column is said to be a column matrix.
Transpose matrix
The n x m matrix A' is the transpose of a m x n matrix A , if and only if the ith row of A = the ith column of A' for (i = 1,2,3,..n)
So a_i,j = a_j,i' .The transpose of A is denoted T(A) or A^T
Zero matrix
All the elements contained in the matrix A is 0, then we call A matrix as a 0-matrix.
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